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Dofgr]i6/ 6fpg xndf td' Ko] Nx' ;+3

 h'g ! cfO{taf/, td' Ko] Nx' ;+3n]Dofgr]i6/ 6fpg xndf td' wfld{s g[Tosf] eAo k|bz{g u/\of] . g]kfn lxdfnog otL Pzf]l;Pzg4f/f cfof]hLt g]kfn lxdfnog km]:6Ljndf 8f= a]g SofDka]n / Pzf]l;Pzgsf cWoIf k'ik >]i7sf] lgdGq0ffdf td' Ko] Nx' ;+3n] cfkm\gf] k|:t'tL lbPsf] xf] . g]kfn ko{6g ljsf;df s]xL 6]jf k'uf];\ eGg] k|d'v p4]Zon] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm km]:6Ljndf ljleGg g]kfnL kl/sf/x? agfO{g'sf ;fy} ljleGg g]kfnL e]ife'iffx? tyf /dfO{nf g]kfnL g[Gox? k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] eg] y'k|} :6nx?df g]kfnL ;fdfgx? tyf cfsif{s kmf]6f]x?sf] k|bz{g u/fOPsf] lyof] . pkl:yt bz{sx?sf] d'Vo cfsif{s ag]sf] td' wfld{s g[To sfo{qmdsf] pTs[i6 k|bz{gL /x]sf] lyof] eg] k|fs[lts af]g wfld{s u'?x?sf] kRo' g[To, SNx]k|L g[To / 5\ofF6'sf] emfFsLn] w]/} ljb]zLx?sf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . sl/a 5 306f nfdf] ofqf ul/ uPsf] ;+3sf] 6f]nLdf kRo' lrjf hLt qmf]D5] td', SNx]k|L lrjf dLg 6' td', lx/f Dxf]A5] td' / bfg axfb/ Dxf]A5] td' ;lxt pGgfO{; hgf ;b:ox? /x]sf] lyof] eg] ;+3sf] cWoIf hut KxRo' td' ;+of]hs xgxGYof] .

     o;}ul/ o;eGbf cufl8 ;+3n] hd{gLdf ePsf] SnfË d;fh y]/fkL4f/f cfof]hLt pkrf/ uf]i6Ldf cfkm\gf] ;xeflutf hgfPsf] lyof] . rf/ lbg;Dd rn]sf] pQm uf]i6Ldf ;+3sf] k|ltlgwLTj ub}{ kRo' k}F8L lrjf of/hË qmf]D5] td'n] ld lkjf Tx]F -cfuf]sf] /fFsf] 5f]8\g] o1_ u/]/ ;QfO; hgf la/fdLx?sf] pkrf/ u/]sf] lyof] eg] pQm dfWodaf6 pkrf/ u/fPsf]  ladf/Lx?n] of] pkrf/ dfWod Pp6f zlQmzfnL pkrf/ dfWod /x]sf] / o;df plgx?sf] ljZjf; a9]sf] ;s/fTds k|ltlqmofx? lbPsf] lyof] eg] cGo ;dodf /f]saf/ tyf ze nfesf] nflu ljleGg o1x? u/fOlbg cfJxfg ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] .

     Dofgr]i6/df ePsf] k|bz{gLsf] cfwf/df cfpbf]  cS6f]a/ dlxgfdf a/ldËxfddf x'g uO{ /x]sf] cfkm'x?sf] sfo{qmddf pkl:yt eO{ lbg UofjLg kmf]:6/n] yk hfgsf/L kl5 lbg] ul/ cg'/f]w u/]sf]5 eg] o'gL u|Lgj]n] o1sf] nflu lh1f;f /fv]sf] lyof] .o;/L td' Ko] Nx' ;+3n] u/]sf] ljleGg o1x? tyf k|fs[lts af]g wd{df cfwfl/t td' Ko] 5\ofdf ePsf] ;'k/ kfj/sf] oyfy{tfn] hg dfg;df w]/} ljZjf; a9\b} uPsf] / td' Ko] Nx' ;+3k|lt cf:yf a9\b} uPsf]5 .

Tamu

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align="center">;+o''Qm Nxf];f/sf] ;DaGwdf td'' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfsf] k|:tfjgf

           

              Nxf];f/ td' hftLsf] dxfg rf8 xf] . td' hftLsf] hLjg;“u ;DaGwLt of] rf8 td' hftLsf] Ko] 5\ofdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ clt g} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . g]kfnsf d+uf]n j+zsf s]xL cfbLjf;L hghftLx? -h'g lxdfnL tyf kxf8L e]stL/ a9L a;f]jf; u5{g\_ n] Nxf] k4tL k|of]u ub{5g\ eg] a9L h;f] cGo hftLx?n] Hof]ltif k4tL k|of]u ub{5g\ .

     Nxf] k4tL cg';f/ td' Ko] 5\ofdf Nxf], d]ps' / kfu{ h:tf tLg lsl;dsf ljwfx? pNn]v ePsf] kfO{G5 . d]ps' gf} j6f x'G5g\ To;}n] o;nfO{ d]ps' klg elgG5 . kfu{ cf7 j6f x'G5g\ To;}n] o;nfO{ kfu{ k|] klg elgG5 eg] Nxf] afx| j6f x'G5g\ . td' hftLsf] zf:qLo Nxf] k4tLdf Nxf] ljwf ;a}eGbf k|d'v ljwf dflgG5 / Nxf]s} cfwf/df c? ljwf -d]ps' / kfu{_ 5'§fO{G5 . Nxf]nfO{ g]kfnL v; efiffdf ju{ elgG5 / Nxf]nfO{ ljleGg kz'k+IfLx?sf] ;+1f lbO{ gfdfs/0f ul/Psf]5 .

     Nxf] k4tL cg';f/ g} 38Lsf] ljsf; ePsf] dfGg ;lsG5 . Nxf] k4tL cg';f/ Nxf]df afx| j6f Nxf] x'G5g\ eg] 38Ldf klg afx| j6f c+s x'G5g\ . 3l8sf] k|To]s c+sn] Ps Ps 306f ;do ef]u ub{5g\ t k|To]s Nxf]n] Ps Ps jif{ ;do ef]u ub{5g\ . 38Lsf] 306f ;'O{n] 38Lsf] k|To]s c+sdf Ps Ps 306f a;] em}+ x/]s Nxf]n] klg qmlds ?kdf x/]s Nxf] :yfgdf Ps Ps jif{ a:b5 . Nxf]n] lng] :yfg cyf{t a:g] 7f“psf] vf;} gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] gePtf klg z'?sf] Nxf]nfO{ Nxf] qm / clGtdsf] Nxf]nfO{ Nxf] Do] eg]/ Nxf] u0fgfdf k|of]u ul/G5 eg] Nxf] qmdf Ro'' Nxf] / Nxf] Do]df kmf] Nxf] x'G5 . o;} cg'?k x/]s jif{ Nxf] Pskl5 csf]{ :yfgdf ;b}{ ;b}{ hfG5 / Nxf] Do]af6 Nxf] qmdf cfO{ k'U5 . of] rqm 38Lsf] ;'O{ 3d] em}+ 3'ld /xG5 / Nxf] Do]af6 Nxf] qmdf h'g Nxf] cfO{ k'U5 Tof] Nxf]n] Tof] jif{ ef]u ub{5 .

     xfdL td' hftLsf] Nxf] u0fgfdf Nxf] qmdf cfO{ k'Ug] Nxf]n] ef]u ug]{ ;do g]kfnL kfqf] cg';f/ x/]s ;fnsf] kf}if kGw|af6 z'? x'G5 cyf{t ulgG5 / pQm ;fnsf] kf}if rf}w ut] pQm Nxf]sf] clGtd lbg x'G5 . kf}if rf}w ut]sf] /ftsf] afx| ah]kl5 csf]{ Nxf] h'g Nxf] Do]df x'G5, Tof] Nxf] qmdf cfO{ k'U5 / Tof] :yfg lnG5 . To;}n] td' Nxf];f/nfO{ kf}if kGw| eg]/ klg elgG5 t/ of] zAb ;a{;fwf/0f af]nLrfnLdf ;lhnf]sf] nflu k|of]udf NofO{Psf] dfq xf], h'g td' Ko] 5\ofdf pNn]v 5}g . o;/L x/]s jif{ kfn} kfnf] Nxf] km]l/g] ePsf]n] Pp6f Nxf] Nxf] qm 5f]8\g] / csf]{ Nxf] pQm Nxf] qmdf  cfO{ a:g] lbgnfO{ Nxf] km]l/g] lbg cyf{t Nxf];f/sf] ?kdf dgfpb} cfPsf] xf] .

     td' Ko] 5\ofdf Nxf];f/ afx]s c? rf8 kj{x? klg 5g\ / dgfO{G5 klg, t/ Nxf];f/ hltsf] zf:qLo dxTj af]s]sf] eg] kSs} klg 5}g, h'g dfgj hLjg;“u l;wf ;DaGw 5 / dfgj hLjg o; Nxf] rqm qmd;“u} 3'ld /x]sf] x'G5 . To;}n] g} td' Nxf];f/nfO{ td'x?sf] dxfg rf8 dflgPsf] xf] . cf–cfkm\gf] :yfgdf ;a} rf8 kj{x? dxTjk"0f{ cyf{t cy{k"0f{ ePtf klg dfgj hLjg;“u l;wf ;DaGw /x]sf] Nxf] km]l/g] lbgsf] ?kdf dgfO{g] td' Nxf];f/ td' hftLn] k|of]u ug]{ Nxf] k4tL cg';f/ zf:qLo ?kd} dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ . td' Nxf];f/ Nxf] k4tL cg';f/sf] zf:qLo rf8 ePsf]n] o;nfO{ wfld{s kj{sf] ?kdf klg lnO{G5 eg] k|fs[lts jf]g wd{df cfwfl/t td' Ko] 5\ofdf td' Nxf];f/ dgfpg] tl/sfx? af/] :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ePsf] s'/f td' v]uL -k'/f]lxt_x? ub{5g\ .

     o;/L dfgj ;Eotfsf] ljsf;;“u ;“u} k|rngdf k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] Nxf] k4tL cg';f/ Nxf] km]l/g] lbgsf] cj;/df k/fk"j{ sfnb]lv g} ljz'4 ?kdf dgfpb} cfPsf] td' Nxf];f/ kj{ cfh cfP/ z'4 kl/efiff ljxLg x'g k'u]sf]5 . k/fk"j{ sfnb]lv g} dgfpb} cfPsf] td' Nxf];f/ clxn] cfP/ æs;/L dgfO{G5 <Æ eGg] af/]df eGbf klg æNxf];f/ s] xf] <Æ eGg] k|Zg xfd|f] ;fd' p7\g yfn]sf]5 . of] b'Mvsf] s'/f xf] . :ki6 ?kdf a'em\g g;s]sf] sf/0f g} oxf“ Nxf];f/ / Nxf]5f/ eGg] b'O{ zAbdf d'v kmf]/fkmf]/ ePsf]5 . cjZo b'Mv nfU5, of] t emg} b'Mvsf] s'/f xf] .

     td' hftL, td' hftLn] rnfpg] Nxf] k4tL, td' hftLn] dgfpg] rf8 kj{, td' hftLn] ckgfpg] wd{ zf:q, clg td' hftLsf] pTkQL:yn tyf a;f]jf; :yn cfbLsf] af/]df s}of}+ lj4fg, ljz]if1, lj1 n]vs tyf n]vsx?n] k|sfzgdf NofPsf]5 . ;fgf ltgf tyf 5f]6f n]vx? kq klqsfdf bf]xf]¥ofO{ t]x]¥ofO{ g5flkPsf klg xf]O{gg\ . t/ jf:tljs ?kdf td' hftL, td' hftLn] rnfpg] Nxf] k4tL, td' hftLn] dgfpg] rf8 kj{, td' hftLn] ckgfpg] wd{ zf:q, clg td' hftLsf] pTkQL:yn tyf a;f]jf; :yn cfbLsf] af/]df s;}n] klg a'l4 k'¥ofP/ n]Vg ;s]gg\ . s;}n] ;'g]sf] e/df n]v], s;}n] b]v]sf] e/df n]v], s;}n] cln cln a'em]sf] e/df ;tk|ltzt ;f“rf] eg]/ n]v] . ljz]if1x?n] kf}/f0fLs b:tfj]hx?eGbf klg jt{dfg cj:yfdf cfwf/Lt hLjgz}nLdf l;ldt /x]/ n]v] eg] ;fgf ltgf n]v n]Vg]x?n] t emg} s'jfsf] Eofu'tf] em}+ s'jfd} l;ldt /x]/ n]v] . t/ td' hftLsf] jf:tljs O{ltxf; af]s]sf] s07:y ljBf ePsf td' v]uL -kRo', SNx]k|L / jf]Gkf] nd_ x?;“u eg] s;}n] klg ;f]wvf]h u/]gg\ . td' hftLn] cjnDag ug]{ k|fs[lts jf]g wd{df cfwfl/t td' Ko] 5\ofdf pNn]lvt ePsf s]xL s'/f klg ;f“rf] ?kdf cfkm\gf k|sfzgx?df ;dfj]z ug{ ;s]gg\ . kmntM cfh jf:tjLs ;f“rf] s'/fx?eGbf klg a9L sfNklgs / 5\of;\ld;\sf s'/fx?n] td' hftLdf ljjfb, ljefhg, j}dg:otf tyf j]d]n >[hgf u/fPsf]5 .

     dxfg lj1, lj4fg 7flgg] s]xL a|fDxf0f hftLn] td' hftLnfO{ em}emu8f tyf ljefhg u/fpg] vfnsf s'/fx? ;d]6]/ n]v]sf tyf k|sfzgdf NofPsf tL s'/fx? st} n's]sf]5}g . ltg} a|fDxf0fsf emf]nf af]Sg]x?n] klg :ofjf;L kfpgsf] nflu tL a|fDxf0fsf k|sfzgx?nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ dxfg n]vs, lj1 ljrf/s aGg gvf]h]sf] pbfx/0fx? kfpg d':sLn}5 . jf:tljstf eGbf a9L cjf:tfljs t'R5 ljrf/sf k|sfzgx? td' hftLsf] O{ltxf; tyf ljifosf] ?kdf oqtq ahf/df laqmL eO{ /x]sf sf/0f td' hftLleq} klg prlgrsf cxd efjgf, em}emu8f cflb h:tf csNkgLo tyf g;f]+lrPsf jftj/0fx? >[hgf ePsf5g\ .

     o:t} o:t} b'lift xfjfn] td' hftLsf] dxfg rf8 Nxf];f/nfO{ klg 5f]of] . kmntM Nxf];f/ klg td' hftLleq} c:ki6 x'g k'Uof] . ut jif{sf] Nxf];f/ dgfpgsf] nflu x¨s¨sf b''O{ td' ;+:yf td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 / td' 6\xf] x\o'nn] cf–cfkm\g} lsl;dn] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] va/ Prs]g]kfn 86 sddf æx¨s¨df b'O{ 5'§f5'§} Nxf];f/Æ lzif{sdf n]lvPkl5 b'O{ v]dfsf td'x? d'v kmf]/fkmf]/ ePsf lyP . hxf“ Nxf];f/sf] af/]df eGbfklg cxdtf, prlgr / b'Jof{jxf/sf s'/fx? a9L ePsf lyP . h;n] td' Pstfsf] efjgf sbfkL 5}g eGg] :jtM b]vfpYof] . lxhf] tTsfnLg ;dodf a|fDxf0fjfbn] u/fPsf] td' ljefhg tyf hjh{:tL nflbPsf] zf;gsf] af/]df 3}+6fdf 3fd gnfUg] Ps y/Ln] Tof] a]nf a|fDxf0fjfbn] u'yfPsf] ku/L lz/f]k/ ul/ d}+ x'“ eg]/ a8f] /jfkmsf ;fy td' eO{ sg klg td'nfO{ nft xfGg kl5 k/]gg\ / td' hftLsf] jf:tljs O{ltxf; tyf cf}lrTo af]s]sf] td' hftLsf] Ko] 5\ofsf] cg';/0f ul/ td' hftLsf] jf:tljs klxrfg lbg vf]Hg]x? dfyL a'l4 e|i6 ePsf k/nDjLx?n] cfnf]rgf u/] . cfh o:t} o:t} td' hftLsf] klxrfg tyf lrgf/L g} ljnLg u/fpg] k|of;x? al9 eO{ /x]sf] cj:yfdf td' hftLsf] efiff, wd{, ;+:s[tL, ;+:sf/ tyf e]ife'iffsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da{wg tyf ljsf;sf] af/]df ;f]+Rg clt cfjZostf 5 . To;}n] cfw'lgs dgf]/~hgsf ljifox? eGbf a9L Ko] 5\ofdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ td' v]uLx?;“u a'em]/, ;f]w]/ /fd|f] ;'–Joj:yLt tl/sfn] zf:qut ?kdf td' Nxf];f/ dgfpg h?/L 5 . o;/L td' Nxf];f/ dgfpb} uPdf dfq td' Nxf];f/n] Nxf];f/sf] cy{ / dxTj lbg ;S5, xf]O{g eg] cf}lrTolxg, cy{lxg eP/ hfg]5 .

     xfdL td' hftLsf] efiff 7f“p cg';f/ km/s km/s ePsf] kfp5f}+ . 7f“p cg';f/ af]nLg] z}nL, tl/sf, 7f“p cg';f/sf] jftfj/0f, cGo eflifs cltqmd0f tyf ;ld>0f cflb s'/fx?n] ubf{ td' efiff td' efiffd} Ps ?ktf 5}g . oBkL a9L h;f] ;a} s'/fx? ldNbf] h'Nbf] g} x'G5g\÷5g\ . td' efiffdf 6f]kLnfO{ sf]xL 7f“pdf dn' -dNv'_ elgG5 eg] sf]xL 7f“pdf s'n] elgG5 . td' efiffdf sf]xL 7f“pdf dfO{nL 5f]/LnfO{ kft]+ elgG5 eg] sf]xL 7f“pdf dflxnf 5f]/fnfO{ kft]+ elgG5, dfO{nL 5f]/LnfO{ ª]jf elgG5 . o:tf o:tf c? klg y'k|} km/s zAbx? td' efiffdf eP em}+ Nxf];f/ / Nxf]5f/ klg 7f“p cg';f/ km/s x'g ;S5g\ . t/ Nxf] k4tL cg';f/sf] Nxf];f/ xf] cyf{t g]kfnL kfqf] cg';f/ kf}if kGw|sf] lbgdf dgfO{g] Nxf];f/ xf] eg] To;sf] dtnj Pp6} x'g ;S5 .

      Nxf]x? UofNkf] Nxf];f/, ;f]gfd Nxf];f/;“u eg] d]n vfb}g . lsgeg] s;}n] dxfdfgjsf] hGdlbgaf6 dgfp5 . s;}n] dxf u'?sf] gfdaf6 dgfp5 . s;}n] df3] cf}“;L dgfp5 h:nfO{ :qL pTkGg ePsf] lbg eg]/ dfGb5g\ . xfdLn] lª\x cfk] gf;f n cfk] gf;f -^ dlxgf ;Ddf 3fd gnfUg] / ^ dlxgf h'g gnfUg] 7fp“_ df 3fdsf] ls/0fn] v'§f 6]s]sf] Tof] lbg kf}if !% nfO{ k'?if pTkGg ePsf] lbg eg]/ dfGb5g\ . lsgeg] ;a}sf] cyf{t ;a}eGbf 7'nf] zlQm g} 3fd xf], 3fd lagf s'g} klg k|f0fLx?n] hLjgtf kfpb}g . ;dosf] ju{ lTx, lbgsf] ju{ /f]+, dlxgfsf] ju{ s'Gbf], Ps ju{rqmnfO{ lb, afx| ju{rqmnfO{ Ps Nxf] sf]/ eGb5g\ . To;} cg';f/ td' hftLsf] Nxf];f/nfO{ Nxf] tf]j lbgsf] ?kdf eJo ?kn] Nxf];f/sf] cfudgsf] z'esfdgf cfbg k|bfg u/]/ :of]+ s}+ vfP/ /ftsf] afx| ah] af]g kmfo/ u/]/ Nxf] qmdf cfpg] Nxf]sf] :jfutsf] nflu k'j{ lbzftkm{ wg'if af“0f xfg]/ af]nfO{G5 / klZrd lbzftkm{ wg'if af“0f xfg]/ Nxf] qmaf6 hfg] Nxf]nfO{ ljbfO{ ul/G5 . o; cy{df Nxf]5f/ geP/ Nxf];f/ ;lx 7xl/G5 . lsgeg] ToxL Nxf] Ps Nxf]sf]/ k'/f u/]/ k'gM ToxL 7f“pdf cfO{ k'U5 . ;fn gof“ x'g ;S5 t/ Nxf] slxNo} gof“ x'b}g .

     Nxf];f/ / Nxf]5f/sf] af/]df klg w]/} yl/sf n]vx? k|sfzgdf cfPsf 5g\, ;a}n] hfg] a'em] hlt n]v]sf5g\ t/ jf:tfljs cy{ nufP/ Nxf];f/ / Nxf]5f/sf] ;d:of ;dfwg ug{ eg] s;}n] klg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . s;}n] jf:tljstf cyf{t ;f“rf] s'/feGbf klg s}of}+ cfkm\gf dgn] vfPsf], cfkm'nfO{ 1fg ePsf p:t} p:t} td' efiffsf cg]sf}+ zAbx?sf] pbfx/0fx? b]vfP/ Nxf];f/sf] cy{ nufPsf5g\ eg] s;}n] bf];|f] hftLn] o:tf] eG5g\, p:tf] eG5g\, o:tf] u5{g\, p:tf] u5{g\ eg]/ cfkm\g} s'/f yfxf gkfpg]n] csf{sf] af/]df a]:;/L hfg] em}+ n]v]sf5g\ . t/ oL ;a} a]sf/ x'g\, ;a} cfwf/lxg x'g\ / ;f“rf] klg xf]O{gg\ . oL Nxf];f/sf] af/]df bfz{gLs aGg vf]Hg]x?sf n]vx?n] ubf{ g} Nxf];f/ emg} cz'4 / c:ki6 x'b} uPsf]5 . To;}n] cfwf/lxg n]v n]Vg] oL n]vsx? g} cfhsf oL c:ki6 ljjfbx? >[hgf u/fpg] d'n >f]t x'g\ eGbfdf km/s kb}{g .

     xfn oqtq o's]el/ km}nLPsf] Plss[t td' Nxf];f/sf] va/n] kSs} klg td' Pstf tyf td' hftLo efiff, wd{, ;+:s[tL, ;+:sf/ tyf e]ifeiffsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;daw{gdf s]xL 6]jf k'Ug] cfzf knfPsf]5 . tTsfnLg ;dodf ul/Psf ljefhg tyf ljv08gsf s'/fx?df s'enf] 5 eGg] s'/fsf] dxz'; x'g]5 . tTsfnLg ;dodf n]vLPsf em'6f] k|sfzgsf k':tsx?df eGbf td' v]uLx?;“u ;'/lIft td' Ko] 5\ofdf ljZjf; a9\g] cfzf knfPsf]5 . kmntM o's]df Plss[t Nxf];f/ dgfpg tyf ;DkGg u/fpg td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfn] lgDg a'+bfx?df larf/ ul/ cufl8 a9]df cjZo klg ;kmn eO{G5 eGg] cfzf lnPsf]5 .

 

s_ wfld{s kIfM–

 

o's]df dfq geP/ hxf“ h'g} 7f“pdf ePklg Plss[t Nxf];f/ dgfpgsf] nflu wfld{s kIfdf larf/ ul/g' k5{ eGg] s'/fdf td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfn] hf]8 ub{5 . lsgsL Nxf];f/ ljNsn} td' Ko] 5\of cg';f/ JoVof ul/Psf] / td' hftLn] ckgfpg] Nxf] k4tLsf] k|d'v ljwf;“u ;DaGwLt ePsf]n] of] wfld{s rf8 klg dflgG5 . Nxf];f/ td' Ko] 5\of cg';f/ k/Dk/fut ?kdf :jl:t zflGt ul/ dgfpb} cfPsf] rf8 xf] . kmntM Nxf];f/ dgfpbf s] ul/G5 < s;/L dgfO{G5 < eGg] ljifodf :ki6 ?kdf a'em\g' cfjZos 5 . wfld{s kIfdf td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfn] lgDg s'/fx? ckgfPdf td' hftLn] dgfpg] td' Nxf];f/sf] cf}lrTo / dxTj /xg] lhls/ ub{5.

!_ td' Nxf];f/ zf:qLo Nxf] k4tL cg';f/ td' Ko] 5\ofdf pNn]vLt wd{zf:qut rf8 ePsf]n] o; rf8df td' v]uLx?af6 k/Dk/fut ?kdf :jl:t zflGtsf Txf“ Tx]“ ul/g' k5{ .

@_ ljz'4 td' Nxf];f/ dgfpg cfw'lgs tl/sf eGbf k/Dk/fut tl/sf ckgfpg' cfjZos 5 . cGoyf cf}lrTolxg x'g]5 .

#_ Nxf];f/ td' wd{zf:q cg';f/ dgfO{g] rf8 ePsf]n] td' v]uLx?af6 :jl:t zflGtsf Txf“ Tx]“ ug{' kg]{ / c? sf]xL k'/]tx?af6 z'4 gx'g] s'/f :ki6 ul/G5 .

 

v_ sfo{qmd kIf M–

 

olb Plss[t Nxf];f/ eJo ?kdf dgfpg] tyf ;DkGg u/fpg] xf] eg] sfo{qmd kIfdf ;f]Rg' kg]{ s'/f td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfn] nLPsf]5 . sfo{qmd Joj:yLt tl/sfn] ;DkGg u/fpg lgDg s'/fx? ckgfPdf k|efjsf/L x'g]5 .

!_ Plss[t Nxf];f/ b'O{ ;+:yf Ps eO{ dgfO{Psf] sfo{qmd ePsf]n] pQm sfo{qmddf s'g} ;+:yfut sfo{qmd, k|ltj]bg jfrg, ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s ultljwLaf/]df k|sfz kfg]{ h:tf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ :yfg glbg] .

@_ ;+:yfn] ul/g] ;Ddfgsf sfo{qmdx? tyf ;b:o zky u|x0f h:tf sfo{qmdx? ;dfj]z gug]{ .

#_ td' hftLsf] td' dxfg rf8 ePsf]n] sfo{qmddf td' klxrfg tyf td' O{ltxf; emNsfpg] vfnsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ a9L u|fxotf lbg] .

$_ sfo{qmddf b'j} ;+:yfsf] a/fa/ clwsf/ tyf ;dfg Jofjxf/ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fy} ;dfg bfloTj / e'ldsfk|lt Wofg lbg' kg]{ .

 

u_ cfly{s kIf M–

 

Plss[t Nxf];f/sf] ;kmntfnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg wfld{s kIf / sfo{qmd kIf h:t} cfly{s kIfdf klg ;f]Rg''' kg]{ td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfsf] dfGotf 5 . h;sf] nflu lgDg s'/fx?df b'j} ;+:yf ;xdt x'g ;s]df nfebfoL x'g] cfzf nLO{Psf]5 .

!_ sfo{qmdsf] tof/Lb]lv cGt;Ddsf] ;dfg nufgL x'g' kg]{5 .

@_ sfo{qmdsf] l6s6 laqmLdf bf]xf]/f] kIfsf] ;sf/fTds tyf kf/bzL{ efjgf x'g' kg]{5 .

#_ o; Nxf];f/af6 hDdf x'g cfPsf] /sd b'j} ;+:yf ldn]/ ;+;If0f tyf ;Daw{gsf] cefjdf lrGtfhgs cj:yfdf ;+3if{/t td' Ko] 5\ofsf] vf]hlag tyf cg';Gwfg ul/ lnkLj4 u/fpgsf] nflu nufgL ug'{ kg]{ .

 

     oL dfly pNn]lvt s'/fx?df b'j} ;+:yfn] :jR5 ljrf/ tyf kf/bzL{ efjgfn] Psfk;df 5nkmn ul/ ;lx lgisz{ ;lxt ;xdlt hgfPdf o's]df Plss[t td' Nxf];f/ ;dkGg u/fpg s]xL ;d:of gkg]{ s'/f td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfn] lnPsf]5 .

     ;+:yfut sfo{qmdx? cf–cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf] ljwfgleq l;ldt /x]/ ;+:yfsf] p4]Zo k|fKtLsf] nflu cf–cfkm\gf] tl/sfn] sfo{Gjog ug{ ;Sg]5g\ eg] ljz'4 td' eP/ td' hftLsf] klxrfg / cl:tTjnfO{ ;bf td' hftLsf] cfkm\gf] :yfgdf pRr agfO{ /fVg] xf] eg] td' Nxf];f/ b'O{ ;+:yf ldn]/ ;DkGg u/fpg' clt g} pQd / k|efjsf/L x'g]5 . kmntM Plss[t td' Nxf];f/ dgfpgsf] nflu kxn ug{' x'g] Plss[t td' Nxf];f/ kxn ;ldlt -dWo:t stf{_ tyf td' wL+ o's]nfO{ xflb{s :jfut tyf wGojfb lb+b} pk/f]Qm a“'bfx?df ;xdt÷;dembf/L ePsf] v08df td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's] zfvfn] Plss[t td' Nxf];f/sf] nflu ;xif{ kfO{nf rfNg] k|lta4tf hfx]/ ub{5 .

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td' Ko]Nx' ;+3 zfvf o's] sf] aLaL So' kf6L{ 

       h'nfO{ !#, cfO{taf/, SofDanL{, td' Ko] Nx' ;+3 o's]n] ls¨;\ sn]h SofDanL{df o; aif{sf] v'Nnf ;d/ la=la=So'= eJo?kdf ;DkGg u/of] . df};dn] ;tk|ltzt ;fy lbPsf] ;f] sfo{qmd cToflws dgf]/~hgfTds Pj+ pNnf;do lyof] . o; xiff]{Nnf;do jftfj/0fdf lgnf] v'Nnf cfsfzsf] ;]tf] afbn clg lu|id–Ctsf] xl/ofnL jftfj/0f ;d]t v'zLn] xif{ljef]/ ePsf] cfefif x'GYof] eg] kf]n]sf] df;'sf] :jfb ln“b} pkl:yt hg ;d'bfo xf“;L dhfssf ;fy cfkmGt, ;fyL–efO{, O{:6–ldq;“u /dfO{nf] ukmufkm ug{ Jo:t b]lvGYof] .

     sfo{qmddf ;+3n] ljut jif{x?df ub}{ cfP em}+ o; k6s klg td' Ko] 5\of cg';f/sf] wfld{s k"hf …ld Tx]“Ú ;kmn ?kdf ;DkGg u/of] . h;df td' v]uL-wd{–u'?_x? kRo' k}+8L lrjf of/h¨ qmf]D5] td', hLt qmf]D5] td',a'4L s'K5] td', b]j u/Ah td, SNx]k|L lrjf dLg 6' td', bfg Dxf]A5] td', lx/f Dxf]A5] td' / u]8{ kf]n (Gerhard Pohl) ;l/s x'g' x'GYof] . hd{g gful/s u]8{ kf]n≤ td' v]uLx?;“u df}lvs ?kdf ;'/lIft td' Ko] 5\of cGtu{t SNx]k|L ljBf xfl;n ug'{ ePsf] Ps ljb]zL jf]g v]uL x'g\ eg] jxf“n] kRo' k}+8L lrjf of/h¨ qmf]D5] td';“u kRo' ljBf ;lSg] lh1f;f /fvL o; sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g hd{gb]lv cfpg' ePsf] xf] . k"hfdf cfdf ;d'xn] e/k'/ ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] .

     l6s6 laqmLsf] cfwf/df sl/j cf7 ;oeGbf a9L hg ;xeflutf /x]sf] o; sfo{qmdnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg ;fy} kfx'gf ju{x?nfO{ ck"0f{ ;Gt'i6L lbnfpg ;+3n] sfd af“8kmf“8 ul/ sfo{ ;ldltsf ;b:ox?nfO{ cf–cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L 5'§ofOPsf] lyof] eg] sfdsf] cljef/f kfpg] ;b:ox? tyf d4tsf] nflu xft lbg' ePsf u'lgnf z'e lrGtsx?sf] ;lqmotfdf sfo{qmdsf] s'g} klg kIfdf s]xL vf]6 b]lvPsf] lyPg ;fy} cN8/;f]6sf] SjfnLl6 ;'k/:6f];{\n] la=la=So=df cfjZos kl/sf/x? tyf k]o kbfy{x? ;'ky d'Nodf / ;'ne Joj:yfsf ;fy pknAw u/fO{ cfkm\gf] e/kbf]{ ;]jfsf]  klxrfg u/fPsf] lyof] .

     sfo{qmddf ljleGg If]qdf ;kmntf -kbf]GgtL_ k|fKt ug{' x'g] td' dxfg'efjx? d]= v'lzdfg Nx]+u] td', Sof= Ps axfb'/ td', Sof= /fh]z s'df/ td'nfO{ km"nsf] u'R5f lbP/ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df qmdzM ;+3sf] cWoIf hut KxRo' td', k|d'v ;Nnfxsf/ ofd s'df/ t]n td' / pkfWoIf ;f]d Txf]h]{ td'n] kbf]Gglt x'g' ePsf u'?hLx?nfO{ / ;+3sf] dlxnf ;b:o >Ldlt kfj{tL kh'{ td', >Ldlt lai0f' 6' td' / >Ldlt lai0f' Nxf]+ td'n] u'?hLsf hxfg->Ldlt_x?nfO{ ;Ddfg k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] Jo:ttfsf] sf/0f Pg=cf/= Pg= o's]sf] cWoIf kbdf ljhoL x'g' ePsf l/= d]= 8Dd/ 3n] Pd=la=O{= l9nf] ul/ pkl:yt x'g' ePsf] lyof] . kbf]GgtL kfpg' ePsf cGo u'?hLx? d]= ofd s'df/ td', PS6L¨ d]= tLy{ axfb'/ td', Sof= kLd axfb'/ td', Sof= nf]s axfb'/ td' eg] JolQmut sfo{ Jo:ttfsf] sf/0f pkl:yt x'g ;Sg' ePg . tyfkL jxf“x?nfO{ ;+3sf] tkm{af6 xflb{s awfO{ ;Gb]z k|s6 ul/of] .

     ;Ddfg sfo{qmddf cWoIf hut KxRo' td'n] ;kmntf xfl;n ug{' x'g] ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjx?nfO{ awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ lzIff If]qdf ;kmntf xfl;n ug]{ ljBfyL{ tyf lj1 dxfg'efjx?nfO{ td' dxfg rf8 Nxf];f/df ;Ddfg ul/g] / ;f]sf] nflu ;kmntf kfpg' x'g] td' dxfg'efjx?sf] gfd ;+sngdf ;xof]u ul/ lbg' x'g ;d]t cfu|x ug'{ eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} d]= v'zLdfg Nx]+u] td'n] ;DdfgLt ;a}sf] tkm{af6 xflb{s cfef/ k|s6 ub}{  cfpbf] lbgx?df cfkm'x?af6 x'g ;Sg] k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf ;xof]u ug]{ k|lta4tf ;d]t hgfpg' eof] ;fy} td' Ko] Nx' ;+3n] td'x?sf] jf:tjLs klxrfg u/fpg / td' Ko] tf“ Nx' tf“sf] ;+/If0f, ;Daw{g tyf k|rf/ k|;f/df ct'nlgo e"ldsf lgefpb} td' hg ;d'bfonfO{ ;r]t u/fpg ;kmn ePsf]5 eGg' eof] .

     ;Ddfg sfo{qmdkl5 ;~rfng ul/Psf] ljljw dgf]/~hgsf v]n tyf k|ltZkwf{x? Do"lhsn r]o/ dlxnf–!, dlxnf–@ / o'–!^ k]gfN6L z'6cfp6df qmdzM >Ldlt ;'lgtf td', >Ldlt dLgf td'-:jL08g_, cl:dgf td', lk|of td', k|lts td' / cDnfg td' k|yd / l4tLo x'g' ePsf] lyof] eg] dgf]/~hgsf] nflu lk|m :6fOn v'Nnf g[To sDk]6Lzg ;dfj]z ul/Psf] lyof] h;df, lg0f{ossf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/df Sof= 8]d axfb'/ td' k|yd / >Ldlt a]g' td' l4tLo x'g' ePsf] lyof] . a8f] /dfO{nf] jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmd ;f“:s[lts ljefusf ;+of]hs t]h axfb'/ nO td', xf]d Sxf]nf td' / ljsf; Nx]+u] td'sf] ;fd'lxs ;+of]hgdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] eg] ljhoLx?nfO{ qmdzM cWoIf hut KxRo' td', pkfWoIf ;f]d Txf]h]{ td' / kRo' k}+8L lrjf of/h¨ qmf]D5] td'n] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . Do"lhsn r]o/ dlxnf–! sf] k'/:sf/ SjfnLl6 ;'k/:6f];{\n] ;f}hGo ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

      uf]vf{ j]nkm]o/ 6«:6sf] ;xof]ufy{ 94 SQN sf] cfof]hgfdf ut h'nfO{ !@, zlgaf/, r]k]gxfd :jL08gdf ;DkGg Rofl/6L Oe]G6df cfof]hs sld6Lsf ;+of]hs Sof= kmQ axfb'/ td'sf] lgdGq0ffdf td' Ko] Nx' ;+3n] td' 5\of“6' k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] eg] …cfh afx|f xft] k6'sLsf] s'/f u/ dfofn'Ú df Hof]lt nO td' / u+uf Sxf]nf td'n] ;'Gb/ g[To kl:sP/ Oe]G6nfO{ /f]rs agfPsf] lyof] . of] hfgsf/L ;+3sf] ;lrj e]unfn RxfSnL td'n] xfdLnfO{ lbg' ePsf] xf] .

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